A toxin (Greek: , toxikon, lit. (poison) for use on arrows) is a poisonous substance produced by living cells or organisms that is active at very low concentrations. Toxins can be small molecules, peptides, or proteins and are capable of causing disease on contact or absorption with body tissue by interacting with biological macromolecules such as enzymes or cellular receptors. Toxins vary greatly in their severity, ranging from usually minor and acute (as in a bee sting) to almost immediately deadly (as in botulinum toxin).Biotoxins vary greatly in purpose and mechanism, and can be highly complex (the venom of the cone snail contains dozens of small proteins, each targeting a specific nerve channel or receptor), or relatively small protein.
Use
Biotoxins in nature have two primary functions:
Predation (spider, snake, scorpion, jellyfish, wasp)
Defense (bee, poison dart frog, deadly nightshade, honeybee, wasp)
Some of the more well known types of biotoxins include:
Cyanotoxi
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxin